Peritoneal encapsulation is a rare developmental anomaly, in which small intestines are surrounded by an accessory peritoneal sac. Usually, the anomaly stays asymptomatic but can rarely cause intestinal obstructions. Preoperative diagnosis of the peritoneal encapsulation is known to be impossible. The diagnosis can be only accomplished with laparotomy. In this article, we aimed to present a case of a retroperitoneal encapsulation with intestinal obstruction, and discuss the features of the disease with medical literature.

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