The Safety Evaluation of Verbascoside from the Viewpoint of Genotoxicity
ABSTRACT
Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the genotoxic potential of verbascoside using a standard battery of assays across bacterial and mammalian cell systems.
Materials and Methods:
The genotoxic potential of verbascoside was evaluated using a standard battery of assays, including the bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) test, cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay, and alkaline Comet assay. The Ames test was performed on Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 strains, with and without S9 metabolic activation, at concentrations ranging from 1 to 1000 µg/plate. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO-K1) cells were used for the CBMN and Comet assays at concentrations between 25 and 200 µg/mL.
Results:
The mutagenic index remained below 2.0 across all tested concentrations, showing no significant variation with increasing dose in the Ames test. No significant differences were observed in micronucleus frequency between the negative control and any concentration of verbascoside. The Comet assay results revealed no significant difference in DNA tail percentage between the negative control and verbascoside-treated groups.
Conclusion:
Under the tested conditions, verbascoside showed no mutagenic or genotoxic effect in bacterial or mammalian cell models, supporting a favorable genotoxicity safety profile and warranting further pharmacological development.
Keywords:
Micronucleus assay,
Comet assay,
Ames test,
verbascoside,
genotoxicity,
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